NDI Networking 101

NDI Networking 101

Overview

This article will help you set up and manage an NDI (Network Device Interface) network. It covers key steps, such as assigning IP addresses, discovering devices on the network, and selecting the right settings and hardware. While this information isn’t new, it is based on insights from the NDI White Paper and our extensive experience working with NDI in the field. We've tailored it to be easy to understand and put into action, even if you are not a networking expert.

IP Address Assignment

When setting up an NDI network, each device needs an IP address, which is like its unique "phone number" on the network. There are two main ways to assign these addresses: DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) and static IP addresses. Let’s break down how each method works:

  1. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): With DHCP, your network automatically assigns an IP address to each device. Think of it like checking into a hotel — you get a room number assigned to you without having to choose it. This method is easy and quick, especially if you have many devices or they change frequently. You just plug in the device, and it gets an IP address from the network without any extra steps.
  2. Static IP Address: With static IPs, you manually assign a specific IP address to each device. This is like giving each device its own permanent address, which doesn’t change. This method is useful if you want more control over your network or have critical devices that should always have the same IP address, like a server or a main camera.

Both methods work well for NDI networks, so you can choose whichever one fits your needs. If you want a hassle-free setup, go with DHCP. If you prefer more control or have specific devices that need fixed addresses, choose static IPs.

Finding Devices on Your Network

When setting up an NDI network with multiple devices, each one must be uniquely identified to communicate properly. NDI provides two methods to make it easier to find and connect these devices automatically: mDNS (Multicast Domain Name System) and NDI Discovery Server.

Option 1: mDNS (Multicast Domain Name System)

mDNS is the default method used by NDI to automatically discover devices on the network. It allows devices to find and connect with each other without needing a central server or manual setup. However, for mDNS to function properly, the network switch connecting your devices needs to be correctly configured.

How to Configure mDNS on Your Network Switch:

  1. Enable mDNS Traffic: Ensure your network switch allows mDNS traffic. Some switches block or restrict multicast traffic by default to minimize network congestion. Look for settings such as "Multicast Filtering," "Multicast Snooping," or "IGMP Snooping" and make sure they are set to permit mDNS traffic.
  2. Update Firmware: Check if your switch has the latest firmware. Newer firmware versions may include improvements to multicast handling, which can enhance mDNS performance. Visit the switch manufacturer's website to find firmware updates and follow their instructions for installing them.
  3. Minimize Network Segmentation: mDNS works best when all devices are on the same network segment (such as a single subnet). If your network is divided into multiple segments (using VLANs or subnets), mDNS might have trouble discovering devices across these boundaries. Consider reconfiguring your network to ensure all NDI devices are within the same subnet.

By following these steps, mDNS can efficiently discover and connect all your NDI devices on the network.

Option 2: NDI Discovery Server

If mDNS does not work well in your network environment, you can use the NDI Discovery Server as an alternative method for device discovery. The NDI Discovery Server is a small application that runs on a computer or server within your network and acts as a central directory for all NDI devices. This method is particularly useful in larger networks or complex environments where mDNS might face limitations.If you need help connecting devices manually, check out the NDI White Paper for detailed instructions using a tool called NDI Access Manager.

NDI works well out of the box without needing advanced settings. However, adjusting some settings can improve performance. Before changing these settings, test them to make sure they don’t affect network reliability.

Here are some basic settings to consider:

  1. Ensure each network port used for NDI has a speed of at least 1 Gbps and is set to full duplex (allows data to be sent and received at the same time).
  2. Disable EEE (Energy Efficient Ethernet) on all ports. This setting can interfere with NDI performance.

You don’t need special hardware to set up an NDI network. However, BirdDog tests its NDI products using certain types of equipment. Here’s what we use:

  1. Netgear AV Line M-4250: This range includes models with different port numbers and configurations. Starting from firmware version 13.0.4.23, these devices have a “BirdDog" port profile to optimize performance with BirdDog products. For more information, visit Netgear’s AV-over-IP page.

Suggested Network Configurations

For a basic NDI network setup:

  • Use a Subnet Mask of 255.255.255.0. This will allow a range of IP addresses from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254.
  • Use mDNS for device discovery.
  • Use DHCP IP Addresses to simplify device setup.

Need More Help?

If you still have questions or concerns about your NDI setup, check out the NDI White Paper for more detailed information. If you need further assistance, feel free to reach out to the BirdDog support team at help@BirdDog.tv. Providing them with specific details about your network, your goals, and any issues you are facing will help them assist you better.

By following these basic guidelines, you should be able to set up and manage an NDI network smoothly, even if you don't have prior networking experience!